谷歌擬擴(kuò)大人工智能倫理研究團(tuán)隊(duì)規(guī)模

谷歌計(jì)劃在未來(lái)幾年將其人工智能倫理研究團(tuán)隊(duì)規(guī)模擴(kuò)大一倍，因?yàn)樵摴鞠Ｍ蛟煲粋€(gè)受到研究爭(zhēng)議和人員缺陷的信譽(yù)挑戰(zhàn)的團(tuán)隊(duì)。

Alphabet Inc.’s Google plans to double the size of its team studying artificial-intelligence ethics in the coming years, as the company looks to strengthen a group that has had its credibility challenged by research controversies and personnel defections.

工程部副總裁瑪麗安·克羅克在《華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)》“未來(lái)的一切”欄目上說(shuō)，他領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的負(fù)責(zé)人工智能的團(tuán)隊(duì)將擴(kuò)大招聘規(guī)模至200人。此外，她說(shuō)還，字母表公司首席執(zhí)行官桑達(dá)爾·劈柴已經(jīng)致力于提高一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)評(píng)估代碼和產(chǎn)品的團(tuán)隊(duì)的運(yùn)營(yíng)預(yù)算，以避免人工智能的傷害、歧視和其他的問(wèn)題。

VicePresident of Engineering Marian Croak said at The Wall Street Journal's Future of Everything Festival that the hires will increase the size of the responsible AI team that she leads to 200 researchers. Additionally, she said Alphabet ChiefExecutive Sundar Pichai has committed to boost the operating budget of a team tasked with evaluating code and product to avert harm, discrimination and other problems with AI.

“以開(kāi)發(fā)和部署人工智能技術(shù)的方式負(fù)責(zé)業(yè)務(wù)的穩(wěn)定發(fā)展至關(guān)重要”克羅克女士說(shuō)。“如果事情沒(méi)有以合乎道德的方式進(jìn)行，它就會(huì)嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞品牌的形象?！?br/>

“Being responsible in the way that you develop and deploy AI technology is fundamental to the good of the business,” Ms. Croak said. “It severely damages the brand if things aren’t done in an ethical way.”

二月份，谷歌因?yàn)椴块T(mén)聯(lián)合帶頭人瑪格麗特·米歇爾涉嫌將內(nèi)部文件發(fā)給了外部公司的人而將其辭掉后宣布將由克羅克女士負(fù)責(zé)人工智能道德團(tuán)隊(duì)。米歇爾被解雇前，去年谷歌團(tuán)隊(duì)的杰出成員提姆尼特·格布魯批評(píng)谷歌禁止研究，稱她之所以被解雇，是因?yàn)榕u(píng)了該公司研究人工智能的方法。劈柴承諾將深入調(diào)查格布魯離開(kāi)后的情況，并表示他將恢復(fù)公眾對(duì)公司的信任。

Google announced in February that Ms. Croak would lead the AI ethics group after it fired the division’s co-head, Margaret Mitchell, for allegedly sharing internal documents with people outside the company. Ms. Mitchell’s exit followed criticism of Google’s suppression of research last year by a prominent member of the team, Timnit Gebru, says she was fired because of studies critical of the company’s approach to AI. Mr. Pichai pledged an investigation into the circumstances around Ms. Gebru’s departure and said he would seek to restore trust.

除了讓現(xiàn)在的團(tuán)隊(duì)緊張之外，這些員工的流動(dòng)已經(jīng)破壞了谷歌公司與其他研究人工智能團(tuán)隊(duì)的人際關(guān)系，比如人工智能中的黑人和皇后，他們?cè)谥芤坏臅r(shí)候發(fā)布了一則聯(lián)合聲明，批評(píng)谷歌“為我們社區(qū)允許何種研究、主張和報(bào)復(fù)的危險(xiǎn)先例”，《連線》早些時(shí)候報(bào)道了這一聲明。

In addition to straining the existing team, those personnel changes have frayedGoogle’s relationship with external groups focused on AI such as Black in AI and Queer in AI, which released a joint statement Monday criticizing Google for setting a “dangerous precedent for what type of research, advocacy, and retaliation is permissible in our community.” The statement was earlier covered by Wired.

克羅克稱那些人的退出是個(gè)悲劇，并表示她同意來(lái)填補(bǔ)這個(gè)，因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為她能夠在公司處于危急關(guān)頭時(shí)幫助公司穩(wěn)定下來(lái)。她畢業(yè)于普林斯頓大學(xué)，擁有社會(huì)心理學(xué)和量化分析博士學(xué)位，她說(shuō)計(jì)劃將她之前以用戶為中心的工程設(shè)計(jì)方法和對(duì)社會(huì)問(wèn)題的關(guān)注融入到這個(gè)角色中。

Ms.Croak called those exits a tragedy and said she agreed to fill the position because she thought she could help provide some stability in what has been a distressing time. A Princeton University graduate, she has a doctorate in social psychology and quantitative analysis and said she plans to bring her user-focused approach to engineering and concern about societal issues to the role.

克羅克說(shuō)“我想我有可能做出一些成績(jī)使這項(xiàng)工作產(chǎn)生更大的影響。”

“I thought, maybe, I could make a difference and carry on the work and have a larger impact,” Ms. Croak said.

她說(shuō)，健康將是我們團(tuán)隊(duì)關(guān)注的一個(gè)重要領(lǐng)域。人工智能團(tuán)隊(duì)最近協(xié)助開(kāi)發(fā)了一種算法，能夠通過(guò)一臺(tái)安卓手機(jī)掃描手指來(lái)檢測(cè)異常心率。她說(shuō)，在開(kāi)發(fā)過(guò)程中，倫理團(tuán)隊(duì)幫助其證實(shí)了黑人的心率檢測(cè)有更多的差異和誤差，這必須在產(chǎn)品發(fā)布之前加以解決。

Health will be one area of focus for the group, she said. The AI team recently assisted in the development of an algorithm that can detect abnormal heart rhythms by scanning fingertips on an Android phone. During its development, she said the ethics team helped determine that darker-skinned people had more variabilities and errors in testings, which had to be addressed before the product’s release.

克羅克是谷歌中為數(shù)不多的黑人高級(jí)高管之一，在所有的員工中黑人女性只占到1.2%。她曾經(jīng)是谷歌的黑人領(lǐng)袖咨詢團(tuán)隊(duì)的主席，并一直致力于硅谷的公司提高他們的多樣性。

Ms.Croak is one of very few senior Black executives at Google, where Black women account for 1.2% of the workforce. She has served as chair of Google’s Black LeadershipAdvisory Group and has been active in calling for Silicon Valley companies to improve their diversity.

“他們的這一數(shù)字令人失望，我想這對(duì)于硅谷其他的大多數(shù)公司都是如此”，克羅克在談到谷歌的黑人員工占比時(shí)說(shuō)?！靶疫\(yùn)的是，去年一年左右的時(shí)間，我們已經(jīng)做出了諸多努力來(lái)吸引黑人精英，但是這一數(shù)字相當(dāng)慘淡。”

“They’re disappointing numbers and I think that’s true for so many companies in Silicon Valley,” Ms. Croak said of the percentage of Black employees in Google’s workforce. “Fortunately, in the last year or so, we’ve made a more concerted effort in attracting Black talent, but those numbers are pretty dismal.”